Long Multiplication Calculator
Multiply whole numbers with long multiplication work, partial products, place-value shifts, optional zero rows, and a step-by-step explanation.
Long multiplication with partial products
The common English intent is not just the product but the written multiplication work. This page shows each partial product, the place-value shift for tens and hundreds, and the final sum of partial products.
a is the multiplicand, d_i is a digit of the multiplier, and i is its place from the right.
- Use a multiplicand up to 12 digits and a multiplier up to 8 digits for readable written work.
- Toggle zero rows when you want the layout to match a classroom worksheet.
- Copy the step-by-step explanation for checking homework or examples.
Why partial products shift
Each multiplier digit represents a place value. A tens digit creates a partial product shifted one place left, a hundreds digit shifts two places left, and so on.
Frequently Asked Questions
Sources and References
- Long Multiplication CalculatorCalculatorSoup
- Long Multiplication CalculatorCalculator-Online
- Multiplication algorithmWikipedia
Calculations are based on the listed reference sources. Links open in a new tab.
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