Angle Between Line and Plane Calculator

    Find the acute angle between a 3D line and a plane from a direction vector or two points on the line and the plane equation coefficients.

    Line direction vector s
    Plane coefficients

    D does not change the angle, but it can identify whether a parallel line lies in the plane.

    The calculator returns the smaller line-plane angle, from 0° for a parallel direction to 90° for a perpendicular line.

    Angle between a line and a plane

    English search intent for line-plane angle is a 3D vector problem. The calculator uses the line direction vector and the plane normal vector, then returns the smaller angle between the line and the plane.

    theta is the line-plane angle, s is the line direction, and n is the plane normal.

    Parallel, perpendicular, and oblique cases

    • 0° means the line is parallel to the plane or lies in it.
    • 90° means the line is perpendicular to the plane.
    • An angle between 0° and 90° means the line meets the plane obliquely.
    • D does not change the angle, but it can help test whether a parallel line lies in the plane when a point is known.

    Examples

    Line directionPlaneAngle
    (1, 1, 1)about 35.264°
    (1, 0, 0)
    (0, 0, 1)90°

    Frequently Asked Questions

    Sources and References

    Calculations are based on the listed reference sources. Links open in a new tab.

    Updated:

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