Thermodynamics

Calculate heat energy for heating, cooling, melting, freezing, vaporization and multistep calorimetry with substance presets and energy-unit conversion.

Solve specific heat, heat energy, mass or temperature change, convert specific, molar and total heat capacity, and estimate ideal-gas Cp, Cv and gamma.

Calculate linear and volumetric thermal expansion, final length or volume, density change and simplified thermal stress for solids and liquids.

Solve formula for pressure, volume, temperature or amount of substance, with gas presets, mass, density, molecule count and gas-process modes.

Calculate thermodynamic entropy change for phase changes, heating, cooling and two-body mixing with heat, equilibrium temperature and total entropy output.